EUPIGCLASS GROWTH Project GRD-1999-10914 August 2003
Pork production and classification of pig carcasses in European
countries.
Most of the pigs for the European market are reared and slaughtered in
Europe. Despite the high pressure and competition from the world market, the
European pig producers seem to manage the situations. The consumer’s interest
for pork meat in their daily meals is increasing. The market and consumers
prefer meaty carcasses with low fat content. Thus it is the task for the
producer to use breeds and feed the pigs in order to fulfil the tasks and
wishes. To assure that the carcasses and meats are of high quality
classification systems are used. The aim of this report is to summarise
information, obtained from a questionnaire and from official statistics, about
pork production in European countries. The information is used as base for the
outline of the Quality Assurance Program (QAP) for classification.
The production of pork has been increasing during the last decades and
during the year 2002 more than 1.2 billion pigs were sent for slaughter in all
pork producing countries combined. The total production during this year was
expected to amount to 85 million tons. More than 50 percent of those pigs were
raised, slaughtered and consumed within Mainland China. Other regions with
great production are United States, South America, EU-15, Central and Eastern
Europe and Russia. On the world pork market the greatest importers are Japan,
Russia, United States and Hong Kong, while the greatest exporters are United
States, Canada, EU-15 and Taiwan.
Within the EU-15 countries, pork production amounts to 205 million pigs
during the year 2001. If the Central and Eastern European countries are
included the production in Europe was 260 million pigs, giving about 21 million
tons of pork, most of which was consumed in the domestic markets within Europe.
The greatest pork producing country in Europe is Germany with about 40
million pigs slaughtered per year followed by Spain, France, Denmark and the
Netherlands. Figures about number of pigs slaughtered can be found in ordinary
statistical reports but information concerning pig populations and production
as well as information about the structure of the slaughter industry and market
is difficult to find. There are great changes in the slaughter industry and
data has short validity.
One of the tasks in the EUPIGCLASS project is to describe the situation
in pig carcass classification in Europe. Another task is to elaborate a general
outline of a Quality Assurance Programme (QAP) that could be used in all
countries to guarantee that classification and grading of pig carcasses is
performed according to rules and recommendations.
The development of the QAP must be based on true data about numbers and
quality of carcasses as well as of systems used for classification. The only
way to gather this information was to distribute a questionnaire concerning
pork production and classification to persons working within this area in the
different countries. In this report data and information about pork production
and classification of pig carcasses is presented.
Questionnaire and official
statistics
The questionnaire was sent to persons with knowledge of pork production
in the EU-15 and NAS countries. Information was also found in official
production statistic reports. The results are summarised in Tables 1 and 2 and
are presented country by country.
The questionnaires were answered and returned from nearly all countries.
When more data was needed, this lacking information was taken from official
statistics or technical or marketing reports.
Pork production in Europe is to a great extent based on crossbreeding with
the use of crossbred sows (mostly white breeds) sired with boars of Hampshire,
Duroc or Pietrain breeds or synthetic lines, or backcrossed with “white” boars.
In most countries the breeding goal is to increase leanness and improve meat
quality. Male pigs are castrated in all countries except in Ireland, UK and
Spain. In most countries the average carcass weight (dressed according to EU
rules for dressing) is less than 95 kg, except in Italy where the heavy weight
pig production produces carcasses of around 150 kg. The average leanness of the
carcasses is close to 60 percent in some countries but lower in most. The
meatiest carcasses are produced when Pietrain boars are used as sires.
All over Europe there is a strong trend to modernise the slaughtering industry
by closing small and old plants and concentrating the slaughter to fewer very
big plants. This change will have a dramatic effect on the implementation and
use of modern systems for classification and traceability of carcasses and
products. In most countries the majority of carcasses are classified and
irrespective of instruments used, the aim is to get an estimate of leanness or
meatiness expressed in percentage units. In most EU-15 countries EU-approved
methods are used. All instruments except Autofom and handheld ultrasound
devices use invasive probing to measure thickness of fat and muscle.
In all countries within EU-15 the estimate of lean meat percentage is
calculated with equations developed from dissection of samples of carcasses
according to the official EU regulations. In the NAS countries programmes are
implemented to perform tests of devices and dissections.
In all countries and markets where carcass quality is expressed in terms
of meatiness the market price along the production line from farmer to cutting
enterprises is based on carcass weight and lean meat percentage. Very few pigs
are paid according to live weight.
In most countries personnel from the abattoirs perform classification.
These people are trained and educated by the company or by external bodies like
private organisations or state departments. Some forms of control programmes
are implemented to guarantee professional use of the systems and devices. To
some extent those programmes are used for official statistics about production
quantities and quality.
Denmark
More than 21 million pigs were
slaughtered in Denmark during 2001 in more than 100 plants. In 23 of the plants
more than 1000 pigs were slaughtered per week. A rebuilding programme is on the
way with the result that the slaughtering will be concentrated in rather few
very big and modern plants.
The production is based on
three-breed crosses with Duroc or Duroc/Hampshire sires mated to Landrace/Yorkshire
sows. As a great part of the meat is destined for the world market, the demands
for lean carcasses have resulted in meaty carcasses (60 % lean meat) with an
average carcass weight of 78 kg.
Denmark has for a long time been
the leading country for development of devices for carcass classification from
the early version of the KS-meter to the technically advanced multiple probe
classification centres. The development has continued with ultrasound as the
base. Both handheld ultrasound devices and Autofom are now available on the
World market.
In Denmark the classification
centres are used for the majority of the slaughtering. In smaller plants
handheld devices with invasive probes or ultrasound are used. Within the near
future the centres will be replaced with Autofom.
Personnel at the local plants
operate the equipment in use. A private and national organisation monitors the
control. Independent inspectors visit the plants and perform controls that
cover both dressing, weighing conditions, grading instruments and responsible
operators.
Every day the equipment is
controlled before grading commences. Every week the plants must send the
classification results to the classification organisation. The inspectors check
that the results are as expected compared with other weeks and with the average
results for all Danish slaughterhouses. Too great deviations and variation will
result in changes in the systems.
The slaughter plants and the
private organisation are together responsible for the training and education of
the personnel.
More than 11 million pigs were slaughtered in Belgium during 2001. There
were 31 plants slaughtering more than 1000 pigs per year. Most of the pigs were
three-breed crosses with Pietrain boars as terminal sires on crossbred sows.
The pigs are slaughtered at about 120-kg live weight giving lean carcasses (60
% lean meat) weighing 90 kg.
All carcasses are classified with the handheld invasive probes CGM or PG
200 and according to Belgian legislation. A vision system can be used for the
estimation of ham conformation (Pietrain pigs with very muscular hams).
The classification system is national and independent inspectors
supervise and perform the control of carcass presentation (slaughter dressing),
classification and carcass identification and data collection systems.
Classification is done by slaughterhouse personnel and to some extent by the
interprofessional organisation IVB. The national government is responsible for
the overall control. The classifiers are educated and trained by the
slaughterhouse, the probe companies and IVB.
In France more than 26 million pigs were slaughtered during 2001. The
majority of the pigs were slaughtered at 60 plants slaughtering more than 1000
pigs per week.
Most of the pigs come from three-bred crosses with Pietrain boars or
synthetic lines mated to crossbred sows (mainly with Landrace breed types). The
carcass weight was close to 90 kg with lean meat percentage of 60 %.
More than 90 percent of the carcasses are classified with the manual
probe CGM. In some small plants a manual ruler is used.
Classification is performed by slaughterhouse personnel or by a private
organisation. A governmental and national organisation has national control
over the system.
The control of classification is well developed and includes a daily
check of the data from the measurements as well as control visits by
independent inspectors.
The classification and control
system in France is mainly implemented by regional organisations. These
organisations are generally interprofessional. The biggest one, called Uniporc
Ouest, has its own personnel, who perform weighing, classification and
self-control in many slaughterhouses covering 75% of the national slaughter.
The other regional organisations only have the material in their own region
with one or two employees for the servicing and the control. Some
slaughterhouses do not belong to regional organisations. These slaughterhouses
perform weighing and classification with their own personnel and devices. The
national governmental organisation, called OFIVAL, is responsible for the
control of weighing, classification and marking. Their inspectors control all
the French slaughterhouses, whether or not they are members of a regional
organisation.
Spain
More than 36 million pigs were
slaughtered in Spain during 2001 in both small and very big plants. Thus Spain
is the second largest pork producing country in Europe. A great part of the
production is destined for other EU countries. The average carcass weighed 79 kg
with 58 percent of lean meat. The dominating production is based on Pietrain,
Duroc and Landrace boars mated to Landrace/Yorkshire crossbred sows.
Classification is not performed
in all plants. The handheld manual
probes FOM and HGP are used to some extent. The Autofom has newly been approved
and use of this instrument is expected to increase the proportion of classified
carcasses.
Operators employed by the plants
perform the classification. Because no national organisation is operating the
plants themselves perform the control. This control covers dressing and
weighing and visual assessment of the operators and technical check of the
instruments. The personnel are educated and trained by the local plants. The
classification systems and control programmes are under development.
Germany
Germany is the largest pork
producing country in Europe with about 40 million pigs slaughtered. Most of the
pigs are crossbred with great influence of the German Landrace breed. Despite
the great production, Germany is a net importer of pork products, mainly from
other EU countries. The carcasses had 93 kg average weight and 56.7 % lean
content.
The Danish invasive device FOM is
the most used grading instrument. The implementation of new technology and
price setting systems is on the way in larger plants. Autofom is installed and
tested in some plants and 12 instruments are in use (Feb. 2003). Dissections of
samples of carcasses according to the EU regulations were made during the last
years.
No information is available
concerning control programmes but to all devices, automatic or not, are
connected some forms of tests and result presentations that can be used for
control.
Italy
In Italy more than 13 million
pigs were slaughtered during 2001. There are two pig populations in Italy
destined for light and heavy weight carcasses. Recently (Dec 2001) two grading
probes (FOM and HGP 4) were approved for classification according to the
EU-rules. Both FOM and Hennessy Grading Probe (HGP) will be used in practise
An organisation for
implementation, routine classification and control are planned, but there is no
control system in use at present.
The Netherlands
The production of pork has varied
during the last years depending on outbreaks of different pig illnesses but numbers
slaughtered returned to over 20 million pigs during 2002. The slaughter pigs
are crosses of white pigs and Hampshire or Duroc boars and to some extent
different synthetic lines. The average carcass weight was close to 80 kg with
57 % lean meat percentage. The slaughter industry has been rationalised during
the years resulting in a few big plants slaughtering most of the pigs.
Classification is performed with
HGP and calculation of lean meat percentage is based on one fat and one muscle
thickness measurement. To some extent ham conformation scores are used to
complement the estimate of lean meat percentage.
Personnel belonging to an
independent organisation perform classification. A national organisation is
responsible for the control programme.
Ireland
In Ireland 3.4 million pigs were
slaughtered during 2001. A crossbreeding programme with Large White x Landrace
sows mated with Pietrain or Duroc boars is running for the production. The
average carcass eight was 72 kg and the lean meat content was 58.4 %. The pigs
are slaughtered in 5 plants, approved for the EU-market. All carcasses are
classified with the HGP, version 2.
The abattoirs employ and educate
the personnel performing the measurements. They are supervised and controlled
by inspectors from the national government. The control includes carcass
dressing, weighing and classification.
Lithuania
About 800 000 pigs are
slaughtered every year in more than 200 small abattoirs. Most of the pigs are
crossbred with several breeds used. About 60 percent of the carcasses are
graded with the manual FOM-probe, but because of the many small plants
supplying local markets it is not economic to classify all carcasses. The
classification is mainly performed by a governmental organisation on a national
basis. The personnel are trained once a year by the Veterinary Academy. The
inspectors visiting the plants control the grading with respect of measuring
points and make a visual check of the operators performing the measurements.
Estonia
In Estonia about 500 000 pigs are
produced and slaughtered at 3 plants. All slaughter pigs are crossbred with
Pietrain and Hampshire as sires on crossbred white sows. The average carcass
weight was 77 kg during 2001 and the average lean meat content was 56 percent.
The production has run without classification but new equipment will be bought
and dissections will be done as base for a system that fulfils the EU
regulations. There are plans for a governmental and national system.
Slovenia
In Slovenia about 500 000 pigs
are slaughtered in abattoirs every year.
In abattoirs slaughtering more than 200 pigs per week carcasses are
classified with the so-called ZP method with electronic calliper. About 65
percent of the carcasses are graded according to SEUROP.
Slaughter pigs are two, three or
four breed crosses, produced in a crossbreeding programme based on Landrace and
Large White as maternal lines and Large White, Duroc and Pietrain as paternal
lines. Results for the year 2002 show average leanness of 55.4 percent for 82
kg carcass weight.
A neutral, private control body,
using the so-called ZP method, performs classification. The appointed experts
from public institutes perform the monitoring of the classification made with
the manually operated ZP-probe. A private control body trains the
classification personnel, but the public institutes, which also issue the
license for the operators, do the certification of operators.
The classification method
currently in use was implemented in 1996. It is based on the total dissection
trial according to EU legislation. Changes in the grading system are expected
in the near future, since the HGP instrument will to be introduced in order to
harmonise the methods.
Poland
Poland is one of the largest pork
producing countries in Europe. More than 20 million pigs were slaughtered
during 2001. Most of the pigs were slaughtered and processed in more than 2000
slaughter plants, making it difficult to implement a national classification
system. Production is based on crossbreeding systems with increasing use of
breeds from Western Europe. The average carcass weight was 80 kg with average
lean meat content of 50 percent.
About 70 percent of the carcasses
are classified with different types of manual probes. During the last years
Autofom has been tested for approval according to EU rules.
A governmental and national
organisation with independent inspectors monitors the classification. The
inspectors make control of dressing of the carcasses, and a visual control of
equipment, operator and measuring points twice a year.
Hungary
In Hungary about 3.3 million pigs
were slaughtered during year 2002. 12 abattoirs slaughter more then 1000 pigs
per week and all are approved for export to the EU-market. About 100 plants
slaughter pigs for the local domestic market. Most slaughter pigs are crossbred
pigs in a production plan using European breeds. The carcass weight was on
average 90 kg and the lean meat content was 53 percent.
More than 80 percent of the
carcasses are classified with the FOM probe. The operators are employed by a
private organisation and supervised by a national governmental body. The
classification of pig carcasses in Hungary is organised and performed in
accordance to rules valid in EU-15.
Bulgaria
In Bulgaria the production of
pork is mainly based on local breeds influenced by Landrace and Yorkshire
breeds. During 2001 about 2 million pigs were slaughtered and the results
reported indicate rather fat (45 percent lean meat) carcasses weighing 70 kg.
At present no classification is
performed but one Hennessy Grading Probe has been used on research pigs,
indicating the average carcass leanness.
Most of the pigs are slaughtered
in small local plants, making it very difficult for implementation of a
national system for classification.
Slovak Republic
In the Slovak Republic the
production of slaughter pigs, annual slaughter of 1.8 million pigs, is based on
138 000 sows of different breeds mated to sires from Duroc, Pietrain or
synthetic lines. The pigs are fed to a size giving carcasses weighing 90 kg
with 52 percent of lean meat. FOM is used for classification in the larger
plants. In smaller plants the simpler ZP method is used.
Czech Republic
In the Czech Republic about 3.6
million pigs are slaughtered every year. Production is based on pure Large
White and Landrace sows sired with Duroc, Hampshire, Pietrain and Belgian
Landrace boars. During 2001 the average carcass weight was 88 kg and the lean
meat percentage was 54 %.
Most of the pigs are graded with
the FOM probes but in small plants the ZP method is used. A governmental
organisation is responsible for classification and control in the larger
plants.
There are many plants in
operation but a programme to modernise the slaughtering will result in the
closure of plants and the building of new facilities. The programme for
classification will undergo changes in the near future.
Cyprus
In
Cyprus about 650 000 pigs are slaughtered every year. During 2001 the average
carcass weighed 75 kg with 55 percentage lean meat content. The production is
based on crosses with Dalland (70 %), Seghers and PIC synthetic breeds. The
male pigs are not castrated. The pigs are slaughtered at 8 abattoirs with more
than 200 pigs per week and 20 local and smaller plants.
Work is
started to implement handhold invasive probes and the HGP is tested for use on
the larger plants. A dissection trial has been performed according to the EU
rules with 4 main joints. The organization of the future control system is not
yet decided.
The Nordic countries
In the three Nordic countries
Norway, Finland and Sweden there is active work for cooperation between pork
producing farmers and breeding organisations. In this breeding programme four
breeds are used. The two white breeds Large White and Landrace are mainly used
for production of crossbred sows. These sows are then sired with semen from
Duroc or Hampshire boars. This will influence pork production and pork quality
in the future. In all three countries the Hennessy Grading Probe (HGP) is used
for classification and estimation of the lean meat content in the carcasses.
The measuring sites are the same but different equations are used. Dissections
have been made according to the official EU rules.
Sweden
During 2001 about 3.3 million
pigs were slaughtered in 20 abattoirs. In 7 of them more than 2 000 pigs were
slaughtered per week. The production is based on a three-breed crossing system
with Duroc or Hampshire boars used on crossbred white sows. The average carcass
weight was 89 kg and the average lean meat content was 57 %.
Since 1984 classification is
based on lean meat percentage calculated from two fat and one muscle thickness
measurements taken with the Hennessy Grading Probe. The control is based on
visits of independent inspectors from the governmental board of agriculture.
This control is based on visual inspection of the operators and technical
control of the instrument. The measuring site is identified and the probe
direction is controlled. At the end of every week the plant has to send a
statistical report to the Board of Agriculture for the summary report of
function. These reports are also used for the yearly result summary.
The classifiers have to follow a
one year training and educational programme before being certified as
classifiers.
Norway
In Norway 1.3 million pigs were
slaughtered during 2002. The average carcass weight was 80 kg and the lean meat
content was 56 %. The production is aimed for the domestic market. Most
slaughter pigs are three-breed crosses with Duroc or Duroc-cross boars as
terminal sire.
All carcasses are classified with
HGP version 4 with colour function. The official control, organised by Norway
Meat, includes both visits by inspectors and central statistical evaluation of
data sent to this office.
Finland
In Finland 2.2 million pigs were
slaughtered during 2001. As in Sweden, most of the slaughter pigs were crosses
from Large White x Landrace sows sired with Hampshire boars. Rather few
slaughter plants are operating in Finland. Pork products are exported to
markets near by in Russia and Sweden mainly.
All carcasses are classified with
the Hennessy Grading Probe (HGP) version 2 and 4. The measuring sites are the
same as in Sweden and Norway. The plants and the official governmental
organisation educate the personnel.
The official control programme is
organised by a governmental organisation, operating independently of the
plants.
Summary
This
report is based on results obtained through a questionnaire sent to all member
states in EU and to NAS-countries. To some extent official statistics is used
as a complement. The aim was to gather information for the elaboration of the
Quality Assurance Program (QAP), one of the tasks in the project.
In this report the production of
pork in Europe is shortly described. Nearly 200 million pigs are slaughtered.
In most of the countries crossbreeding is used with White breeds in the sow
population. Duroc, Hampshire and Pietrain boars are used as terminal sires. To
some extent boars of synthetic lines are used.
In most countries the pigs are
slaughtered at a live weight less than 125 kg, giving carcasses weighing 93 kg
or less. The EU-rules for dressing are followed. Classification is performed in
all countries and methods based on fat- and muscle thickness measurement are
used for calculation of the lean meat content, expressed as a percentage of the
whole carcass weight, in accordance with EU-rules.
National governmental control
programmes are used in most countries in order to keep the grading official
with high confidence throughout the industry and market. The organisations
responsible for control are already available in most countries. Thus the
implementation of a Quality Assurance Programme for classification will be
easy.
|
Country (ISO Country Codes) |
dk |
se |
fr |
de |
es |
be |
ie |
hu |
nl |
si |
pl |
cz |
lt |
cy |
bg |
sk |
ee |
||
|
Pigs slaughtered,
million/year |
21 |
3.5 |
26 |
40 |
36. |
11.3 |
3.4 |
3.4 |
20 |
0.5 |
20 |
3.6 |
0.8 |
0.6 |
2 |
1.8 |
0.5 |
||
|
Capacity: No of plants
slaughtering no of pigs per week |
<200 |
Totally |
106 |
10 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
96 |
|
>10 |
210 |
400 |
|
20 |
105 |
|
3 |
|
EU approved |
2 |
0 |
- |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
200-1000 |
Totally |
7 |
4 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
46 |
|
5 |
22 |
1800 |
|
5 |
36 |
|
|
|
|
EU approved |
6 |
3 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
2 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
>1000 |
Totally |
23 |
8 |
60 |
|
|
31 |
5 |
12 |
|
3 |
|
300 |
|
3 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
EU approved |
23 |
8 |
60 |
|
|
31 |
5 |
12 |
|
3 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
||
|
% pigs classified
according to EU rules |
99 |
100 |
100 |
99 |
|
99 |
99 |
|
|
65 |
70 |
|
60 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Results from
slaughter 2001 |
Carcass weight |
78 |
89 |
89 |
90 |
79 |
90 |
72 |
90 |
80 |
83 |
80 |
|
88 |
75 |
70 |
90 |
77 |
|
|
Lean meat % |
60 |
57 |
60 |
57 |
57 |
60 |
58 |
53 |
57 |
55 |
50 |
|
54 |
55 |
45 |
53 |
56 |
||
|
Grading system used (A=automatic M=manual) |
Probe |
M,A |
M |
M |
M |
M |
M |
M |
M |
M |
|
M |
M |
M |
M |
M |
|
|
|
|
Ultrasound |
A |
|
M |
MA |
A |
|
|
|
|
|
M |
|
|
|
|
|
M |
||
|
ZP |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M |
|
M |
M |
|
M |
|
|
M |
|
||
|
Ruler |
|
|
M |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Other systems |
Yes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Country (ISO Country Codes) |
dk |
se |
fr |
de |
es |
nl |
be |
ie |
hu |
sk |
si |
pl |
cz |
ee |
lt |
||
|
Classification
operators employed by 1 |
L |
L |
P |
|
L |
P |
L, P |
L |
P |
|
P |
L |
G |
L |
G |
||
|
Monito-ring
organisa--tion |
Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
If Yes, is the
control: National/regional?
N/R |
N |
N |
N |
N |
|
|
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
|
N |
N |
||
|
Private/governmental?
P/G |
P |
G |
P |
G |
|
G |
P/G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
|
G |
G |
||
|
Incl. inspectors?
Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
||
|
Independent
inspectors? Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
||
|
If No, is there any
control of classification? Yes/No |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Control of |
Carcass
presentation Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
|
|
Weighing conditions |
Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
No |
|
|
Times from bleeding
Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
No |
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
|
Yes |
|
||
|
Weight of gambrels
Yes/No |
Yes |
No |
|
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
|
Yes |
|
||
|
Scale (tare,
accuracy) Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
|
Yes |
Yes |
No |
||
|
Measuring points
Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
||
|
Fat/muscle depths |
Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
|
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
No |
|
|
How? (see Annex 3) |
Metal |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Operators |
Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
Visually Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
|
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
||
|
Statistically
Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
|
|
Yes |
||
|
Equipment |
Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
No |
Yes |
Yes |
|
No |
|
|
Test frequency
D/W/M 2 |
D |
D |
M |
W |
D |
W |
M |
|
O |
|
|
M |
|
|
|
||
|
Manuel test Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
|
Yes |
|
|
|
||
|
Statistical test
Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
|
|
No |
|
Yes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Identification
Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
|
Yes |
Yes |
||
|
Data
collection/transfer Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
||
|
Control without
inspectors (describe) (see Annex 4) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Other
information Yes/No (if Yes, see Annex 5) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Are operators
trained? |
Yes/No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
|
|
Yes |
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
By whom? 1 |
L, P |
L, G |
P |
L,P |
L |
|
|
L |
|
|
P |
O |
|
G |
G |
||
1 L=Local slaughterhouse 2 D=Daily
G=Governmental organisation W=Weekly
P=Private organisation M=Monthly
O=Other